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Primarily intended for stacks conveying nonflammable gases (e.g., combustion exhaust) at low internal pressures.

: Procedures and intervals for regular stack inspections after they become operational. Critical "Hot" Considerations

Internal barriers protecting the structural shell from extreme heat and corrosive flue gas condensates. They can be metallic (floating or top-supported) or refractory-lined.

Covers single- and multiple-walled stacks, guyed or tower-supported structures, and lined or unlined shells.

| Feature | STS-1–2016 | STS-1–2021 | |---------|-----------|-----------| | Creep limit temperature | 800°F | 750°F (lower threshold) | | Thermal bowing analysis | Recommended | Mandatory if ΔT > 50°F across diameter | | Material allowable stress tables | Based on ASME Section II, 2015 ed. | Updated to 2019 ed. with higher creep-strength steels | | Insulation support design | General guidance | Detailed load combinations (thermal + weight + wind) | | Inspection interval for hot stacks | 5 years | 3 years if T > 800°F and more than 500 cycles/year |

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Governs shell bucking and establishes geometric structural constraints, such as restricting the shell thickness-to-diameter ratio ( ) relative to the material’s yield strength ( Fycap F sub y ) and modulus of elasticity (